Working Principle Of Vortex Pump

Many radial blades are milled on the impeller of the vortex pump. The end face of the impeller is close to the pump body, and its axial clearance is 0.10 ~ 0.15mm. The flow channel is composed of an annular cavity between the impeller, the pump body and the pump cover. A spacer tongue separating the inlet from the outlet in a runner. The radial clearance between the baffle tongue and the impeller is small to prevent the high-pressure liquid from leaking into the suction outlet. The blade of the open vortex pump is longer, the inner diameter of the blade is less than the inner diameter of the flow channel, and the liquid enters the impeller from the inlet, and then enters the flow channel. The impeller blade of the closed vortex pump is shorter, and the inner diameter of the blade is equal to the inner diameter of the flow channel. The liquid enters the runner from the inlet, and then enters the impeller from the outside of the impeller.
This paper takes the closed pump as an example to explain its working principle. The fluid enters the runner and impeller through the suction inlet. When the impeller rotates, because the centrifugal force of the moving liquid in the impeller is greater than the centrifugal force of the moving liquid in the flow channel, a vortex motion is generated between the two, and the center line of rotation is along the long direction of the flow channel, which is called the longitudinal vortex. Under the action of longitudinal vortex, the liquid can enter and exit the impeller many times during the whole process from suction to discharge, similar to the flow of liquid in a multistage centrifugal pump. Each time the liquid passes through the impeller, it gains energy. As the liquid rotates from the leaf to the flow path, it mixes with the liquid moving in the flow path. Due to the different velocities of the two streams, momentum exchange occurs in the mixing process, which increases the energy of the liquid in the flow channel. The vortex pump mainly relies on this longitudinal vortex to transfer energy.